Compare the product boundary
Browser automation, GPUs, app hosting, and Linux agent runtimes solve different problems. Each comparison identifies the relevant product category.
Agent infrastructure / Alternatives
A working directory is only part of an agent's state. Compare how platforms preserve installed tools, system configuration, dependencies, and user files as the whole root filesystem grows.
Start with your workload
These six platforms are a starting point for agent code execution. Match the execution boundary, retained state, and lifecycle to your application. This is a use-case shortlist, not a benchmark ranking.
Overview sources checked . Detailed comparison pages show their own review dates.
| Platform | Consider it for | Evaluate before choosing | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sandbox0 | A persistent Linux computer for each user's agent. | Whole-RootFS checkpoints, online growth on enabled templates, and file access while compute is paused. Default resume starts fresh processes; validate gVisor compatibility. | Sandbox0 docs |
| E2B | SDK-driven code execution, analysis, and agent tools. | Match sandbox lifetime, persistence mode, templates, and plan limits to your agent's tasks. | E2B docs |
| Daytona | Configurable development environments managed through SDKs. | Choose the sandbox class first, then check its isolation, persistence, resource limits, and supported tools. | Daytona docs |
| Modal | Sandbox execution alongside a broader compute platform. | Check how sandbox images, snapshots, file access, and resource billing fit the rest of your Modal application. | Modal docs |
| Vercel Sandbox | Programmatic code execution in a Vercel application workflow. | Review the current SDK, session lifecycle, persistence options, and execution limits before choosing a configuration. | Vercel docs |
| Cloudflare Sandboxes | Linux execution orchestrated from Cloudflare Workers. | Check the environment type, lifetime, storage and restore workflow, and maturity of the features you need. | Cloudflare docs |
New to this category? Read the AI sandbox guide for isolation models, a working code example, and a persistence check. For a cost breakdown, compare compute, storage, and paused time.
Browser automation, GPUs, app hosting, and Linux agent runtimes solve different problems. Each comparison identifies the relevant product category.
Vendor documentation and pricing references accompany each comparison, with product scope and review dates. Check the linked sources for terms that apply to your plan and region.
CPU and memory meters alone omit important costs. Check paused storage, billing minimums, subscription requirements, and concurrency limits.
The provider directory
Discovery source: Battleships by Boat ↗
368 of 368 comparisons
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent coordination
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Windows compute
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Browser platforms
Network and edge platforms
CI and test infrastructure
Application platforms
Agent testing
Agent sandboxes
Agent testing
Agent sandboxes
CI and test infrastructure
Agent testing
CI and test infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
macOS compute
Windows compute
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
CI and test infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Windows compute
Agent sandboxes
Inference APIs
Agent sandboxes
CI and test infrastructure
Development environments
CI and test infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
CI and test infrastructure
CI and test infrastructure
Self-managed runtimes
Computer-use platforms
Development environments
Confidential computing
Self-managed runtimes
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Agent testing
CI and test infrastructure
CI and test infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Application platforms
Computer-use platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Network and edge platforms
Development environments
Development environments
Computer-use platforms
CI and test infrastructure
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Computer-use platforms
Computer-use platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Development environments
Remote access tools
Development environments
Computer-use platforms
Development environments
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Windows compute
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Development environments
Data and AI platforms
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
Workflow orchestration
CI and test infrastructure
Inference APIs
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
macOS compute
Workflow orchestration
GPU clouds
Application platforms
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Development environments
CI and test infrastructure
Development environments
Development environments
CI and test infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Computer-use platforms
Workflow orchestration
CI and test infrastructure
Application platforms
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
GPU clouds
Windows compute
macOS compute
Computer-use platforms
Agent testing
Workflow orchestration
Application platforms
Application platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
GPU clouds
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
macOS compute
Application platforms
Agent testing
Application platforms
Development environments
Computer-use platforms
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Workflow orchestration
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Computer-use platforms
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
GPU clouds
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Browser platforms
Agent testing
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
macOS compute
macOS compute
Browser platforms
Agent coordination
Development environments
Development environments
Workflow orchestration
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Windows compute
Workflow orchestration
Computer-use platforms
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Workflow orchestration
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
macOS compute
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Computer-use platforms
Inference APIs
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Computer-use platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Development environments
Workflow orchestration
Inference APIs
Agent testing
Application platforms
Inference APIs
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Application platforms
Agent testing
Development environments
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
macOS compute
Development environments
Inference APIs
Development environments
Workflow orchestration
Agent testing
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Inference APIs
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
CI and test infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
macOS compute
GPU clouds
Cloud infrastructure
Self-managed runtimes
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Self-managed runtimes
Application platforms
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Data and AI platforms
Development environments
Application platforms
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Cloud infrastructure
CI and test infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Data and AI platforms
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Cloud infrastructure
Browser platforms
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Self-managed runtimes
Remote access tools
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Function platforms
Development environments
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Inference APIs
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Browser platforms
Confidential computing
Browser platforms
GPU clouds
Agent sandboxes
Workflow orchestration
Workflow orchestration
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Agent sandboxes
Cloud infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
macOS compute
GPU clouds
macOS compute
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Agent testing
Agent sandboxes
GPU clouds
Cloud infrastructure
Windows compute
GPU clouds
CI and test infrastructure
Application platforms
CI and test infrastructure
Agent sandboxes
Windows compute
Computer-use platforms
Agent sandboxes
Application platforms
Browser platforms
Development environments
Workflow orchestration
Agent sandboxes
Development environments
Sandbox0 combines S3-backed whole-RootFS persistence, online growth on enabled templates, snapshots and forks, network policy, and Files API access during paused compute.
Build your first integration →